Pneumonia pneumonia_ general knowledge

Pneumonia pneumonia_ general knowledge
Pneumonia usually refers to the acute exudative inflammation of the lung, it is common diseases, frequently-occurring diseases of the respiratory system. Can divide pneumonia into infection according to cause of disease ' Such as bacterial, viral, mycoplasma, fungi and parasite) Pneumonia, physics and chemistry (such as radioactivity, sucking) Pneumonia and allergy ( Such as anaphylaxis and rheumatism) Pneumonia. According to different kinds of pathological change properties can be divided into a slurry, fibrous disposition, suppurative, bleeding, cheese, the granulation is swollen or machine pneumonia,etc..
First, bacterialth pneumonia
(1) , big leaf pneumonia:
It is caused that mainly infected with by the pneumonia streptococcus, pathological change originates in the alveolus, and expand fibrous disposition inflammation of the lung to whole or a plurality of big leaves rapidly. The clinical characteristic is The good hair, to the festival in spring of winter; The people between twenty and fifty meet more; Clinical manifestation for happening suddenly, shiver with cold, hyperpyrexia, lasting phlegm; The leucocyte rises in the blood; 5- The symptom disappears in 10 days; Accumulate the big whole leaf, see more the lower leaf of left lung;
Cause of disease and having illness coming on in the mechanism
95% are caused by coccus of pneumonia, in addition, it can also be caused to dissolve courageous and upright streptococcus, golden yellow staphylococcus, influenza hemophilus, catch cold, tired, drunk, cold inducement for pneumonia. The bacterium breeds the slurry formed and oozes out things and spreads to the neighbouring lung tissue among them behind invading the alveolus, thus involve the big leaf of whole lung.
Pathology changes, clinical pathologic connection
1. Congestion edema issue ( 1- 2 days) : Naked eye view, the lobe of the lung is swelling, the weight increases, dark red, the tangent plane is wet. Under the mirror, the alveolus wall capillary is expanded notably, there are more slurries in the alveolus, can be seen a few erythrocytes, neutral cells, macrophage,etc.. At clinic, there can be hyperpyrexia, cough, auscultation has wet rales, the X-ray has thin and even shade.
2. Red liver kind changes one: (3- 4 days) : Naked eye view, the lobe of the lung is swelling, dark red, the quality is real, the tangent plane takes the form of thick particle. Under the mirror, the capillary congests more prominently, is full of a large number of cellulose in the lung, see the erythrocyte, neutral cells of small quantity. On clinic, the dyspnea and cyanosis that patient's ferruginous phlegm, chest ache. The percussion presents the voiced sound. Auscultation has bronchus respirations and wet rales. The X-ray can be seen the large stretch of even dense shade.
3. Ashy liver kind ones ' 5- The 6th) : Naked eye view, the lobe of the lung is swelling, ashen, the tangent plane is dry, there are granular appearances. Under the mirror, it is narrow or stops up, is full of dense cellulosic networks in to manage the capillary, not seeing bacteria, there are neutral cells of a large number of, macrophages in the network. Clinical manifestation is basically the same, but have difficulty in breathing and lighten.
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