What is the fat

What is the fat
First, concept of the fat
The fat is the general names of oil, fat, lipoid. Oil in the food oil and fat mainly, calling the oil liquid at room temperature generally, and is the solid calling the fat at room temperature. The chemical element that the fat includes is mainly C, H, O.
The fat is three acyl glyceride composed of glycerine and fatty acid, among them the molecule of glycerine is simpler, but kind and size of fatty acid are different. So property and characteristic of the fat mainly depend on fatty acid, fatty acid kind that fat contains in different food is different from content. There is 40 multi-type fatty acid in the nature, so can form many kinds of fatty acid triglyceride. Fatty acid is generally made up from carbon atom of 4 to 24. Fatty acid is divided into three major kinds: Saturated fatty acid, simple unrighted acid, polyunsaturated fatty acid.
The fat is dissolved in most organic solvents, but undissolved in water.
Two, classification of the fat
The fat is glycerine and synthetic triglyceride of fatty acid of three molecules.
(1)Neutral fat: Namely triglycerides, it is lard, peanut oil, soya-bean oil, vegetable oil, the principal ingredients of sesame oil
(2)Lipoid includes phosphatide: Lecithin, cephalin, inositol phosphatide.
Glycolipid: Glucoside fat of brain, ganglion former times lipoprotein.
Lipoprotein: Chyle particle, lipoprotein of lipoprotein of extremely low density, low density, high density lipoprotein.
Steroids: Cholesterol, Ergota because alcohol, cortex steroid alcohol, gallbladder acid, vitamin D, androgen, estrogen, progestogen.
In the nature, most the abundant one is triglyceride mixed, accounts for 98% of the fat in the food, account for in the body like more than 28%. All cells contain phosphatide, it is a structure thing in cell membrane and blood, the content is very high in the brain, nerve, liver, the lecithin is one of the most abundant phosphatide in meal and body. Four kinds of lipoprotein are the main means of transport of fat in the blood.
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